land area experienced conditions that were at least abnormally dry at any given time (see Figure 4). Over the period from 2000 through 2020, roughly 20 to 70 percent of the U.S.In terms of scale and duration, the droughts of the 1930s Dust Bowl era remain the most extreme in the historical record (see Figures 1 and 2).The eastern United States-in particular the Midwest and Northeast-has experienced generally wetter conditions (see Figure 3). Decreases have been especially prominent in southwestern states such as California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Large and consistent decreases in the SPEI have been observed throughout the western United States. Over the entire period shown in Figures 1 and 2, the overall trend has been toward wetter conditions, with the SPEI increasing at a rate of about 0.04 units per decade (see Figure 2). The 1930s and 1950s saw the most widespread droughts, while the last 50 years have generally been wetter than average (see Figures 1 and 2).
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